--- title: Exodus 18:22 (JPS 1917) — And let them judge the people at all seasons; and it shall be, that… · tree and pragmatics description: And let them judge the people at all seasons; and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so shall they make it easier for thee and bear the burden with thee. Who acts: you, man, people. Exodus 18:22 in JPS 1917 with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.522/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/18/) / [18:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.22/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 18:22 · JPS 1917 And let them judge the people at all seasons; and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so shall they make it easier for thee and bear the burden with thee. **Who acts:** you, man, people · **What happens:** let, judge, bring, make, bear · **To what, where:** man, people, great matter, small matter, such, burden This is Exodus 18:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, man, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:522 # text = And let them judge the people at all seasons; and it shall be, that every great matter they shall bring unto thee, but every small matter they shall judge themselves; so shall they make it easier for thee and bear the burden with thee. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 2 cc _ _ 2 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 judge judge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 xcomp _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obj _ _ 7 at at ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 9 det _ _ 9 seasons season NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 10 ; ; PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 13 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 14 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 16 that that SCONJ IN _ 22 mark _ _ 17 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 19 det _ _ 18 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 matter matter NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ _ 20 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 21 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 bring bring VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 ccomp _ _ 23 unto unto ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 22 obl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 26 but but CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 27 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 29 det _ _ 28 small small ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 matter matter NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 30 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 judge judge VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 conj _ _ 33 themselves themselves PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 32 obj _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 38 punct _ _ 35 so so ADV RB _ 38 advmod _ _ 36 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 38 make make VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 conj _ _ 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 obj _ _ 40 easier easy ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 38 xcomp _ _ 41 for for ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 42 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 40 obl _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 44 bear bear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 conj _ _ 45 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 46 burden burden NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obj _ _ 47 with with ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 44 obl _ _ 49 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: pos - teacher: changed voice=character | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **let** | imperative | you *not said here* | man | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **judge** | infinitive | man *not said here* | the people | | | season | | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent people=Value | | 3 | **bring** | shall | people | every great matter | | | | unto thee | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent matter=Theme | | 4 | **judge** | shall | people | every small matter | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **make** | shall | people | such | | | | easy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | | 6 | **bear** | infinitive | people *not said here* | the burden | | | | with thee | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent burden=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וְשָׁפְט֣וּ אֶת־הָעָם֮ בְּכָל־עֵת֒ וְהָיָ֞ה כָּל־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַגָּדֹל֙ יָבִ֣יאוּ אֵלֶ֔יךָ וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפְּטוּ־הֵ֑ם וְהָקֵל֙ מֵֽעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָשְׂא֖וּ אִתָּֽךְ׃ [Exodus 18:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.22/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:522` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 18:21 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.521/) - next →: [Exodus 18:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.523/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 18:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.22/)