---
title: Exodus 18:26 (JPS 1917) — And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brou… · tree and pragmatics
description: And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves. Who acts: people. Exodus 18:26 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 18:26 · JPS 1917

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And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.

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**Who acts:** people · **What happens:** judge, bring · **To what, where:** people, hard causes, small matter

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This is Exodus 18:26 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:526
# text = And they judged the people at all seasons: the hard causes they brought unto Moses, but every small matter they judged themselves.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	judged	judge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	seasons	season	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	causes	cause	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obj	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Moses	Moses	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	21	det	_	_
20	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	matter	matter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	judged	judge	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
24	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Emp|Reflex=Yes	23	obl:unmarked	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **judge** | past | people | the people |  |  | season |  | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent people=Value |
| 2 | **bring** | past | people | the hard causes |  |  |  | unto Moses | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent cause=Theme |
| 3 | **judge** | past | people | every small matter |  |  |  | people *obl:unmarked* | vn estimate-34.2-1-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Agent matter=Value |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְשָׁפְט֥וּ אֶת־הָעָ֖ם בְּכָל־עֵ֑ת אֶת־הַדָּבָ֤ר הַקָּשֶׁה֙ יְבִיא֣וּן אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה וְכָל־הַדָּבָ֥ר הַקָּטֹ֖ן יִשְׁפּוּט֥וּ הֵֽם׃

[Exodus 18:26: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.18.26/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:526` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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