---
title: Exodus 3:2 (JPS 1917) — And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out o… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed. Who acts: angel, bush, fire. Exodus 3:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 3:2 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.

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**Who acts:** angel, bush, fire · **What happens:** appear, look, burn, not consume, flame · **To what, where:** flame, bush

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This is Exodus 3:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (angel, bush, fire), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:54
# text = And the angel of the LORD appeared unto him in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush; and he looked, and, behold, the bush burned with fire, and the bush was not consumed.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	angel	angel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	appeared	appear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	flame	flame	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
15	out	out	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	fixed	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	midst	midst	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	33	discourse	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	burned	burn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	conj	_	_
34	with	with	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
37	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	bush	bush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj:pass	_	_
40	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux:pass	_	_
41	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	42	advmod	_	_
42	consumed	consume	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	33	conj	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **appear** | past | the angel of the LORD |  |  | a flame of fire |  | unto Moses; out the midst of a bush | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in flame=Location |
| 2 | **look** | past | angel |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 3 | **burn** | past | the bush |  |  |  |  | with fire | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with fire=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **consume** | past · passive |  | the bush |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset |
| 5 | **flame** |  | fire |  |  |  |  |  | nom flame «process intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַ֠יֵּרָא מַלְאַ֨ךְ יְהֹוָ֥ה אֵלָ֛יו בְּלַבַּת־אֵ֖שׁ מִתּ֣וֹךְ הַסְּנֶ֑ה וַיַּ֗רְא וְהִנֵּ֤ה הַסְּנֶה֙ בֹּעֵ֣ר בָּאֵ֔שׁ וְהַסְּנֶ֖ה אֵינֶ֥נּוּ אֻכָּֽל׃

[Exodus 3:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:54` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Exodus 3:1 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.53/)
- next →: [Exodus 3:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.55/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 3:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.2/)