---
title: Exodus 19:15 (JPS 1917) — And he said unto the people: 'Be ready against the third day; come n… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he said unto the people: 'Be ready against the third day; come not near a woman.' Who acts: Moses. Exodus 19:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 19:15 · JPS 1917

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And he said unto the people: 'Be ready against the third day; come not near a woman.'

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**Who acts:** Moses · **What happens:** say, be, not come · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Exodus 19:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:543
# text = And he said unto the people: 'Be ready against the third day; come not near a woman.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
9	Be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
11	against	against	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	third	third	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	14	amod	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
16	come	come	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
17	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
18	near	near	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
22	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Moses |  |  |  |  | unto the people | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | day | ready *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **come** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | near a woman | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near woman=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הָעָ֔ם הֱי֥וּ נְכֹנִ֖ים לִשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֑ים אַֽל־תִּגְּשׁ֖וּ אֶל־אִשָּֽׁה׃

[Exodus 19:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.19.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:543` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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