--- title: Exodus 19:21 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go down, charge the people, lest they… · tree and pragmatics description: And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the LORD to gaze, and many of them perish. Who acts: LORD, peoples, many. Exodus 19:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.549/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/19/) / [19:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.19.21/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 19:21 · JPS 1917 And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the LORD to gaze, and many of them perish. **Who acts:** LORD, peoples, many · **What happens:** say, go down, charge, break through, gaze, perish · **To what, where:** people · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Exodus 19:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, peoples, many), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:549 # text = And the LORD said unto Moses: 'Go down, charge the people, lest they break through unto the LORD to gaze, and many of them perish. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 unto unto ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 6 Moses Moses PROPN NNP Number=Sing 4 obl _ _ 7 : : PUNCT : _ 9 punct _ _ 8 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 9 punct _ _ 9 Go go VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 4 ccomp _ _ 10 down down ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 11 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 12 charge charge VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 13 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 14 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 16 lest lest SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 break break VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 12 advcl _ _ 19 through through ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 unto unto ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 LORD LORD PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 23 to to PART TO _ 24 mark _ _ 24 gaze gaze VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 27 many many PRON NN Number=Plur|PronType=Ind 30 nsubj _ _ 28 of of ADP IN _ 29 case _ _ 29 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod _ _ 30 perish perish VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD | | | | | unto Moses | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **go down** | infinitive | | | | | | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 3 | **charge** | infinitive | | the people | | | | | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location people=Theme | | 4 | **break through** | present | peoples *= people* | | | | | unto the LORD | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 5 | **gaze** | to-infinitive | peoples *= people* *not said here* | | | | | | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **perish** | present | many | | | | | | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֶל־מֹשֶׁ֔ה רֵ֖ד הָעֵ֣ד בָּעָ֑ם פֶּן־יֶהֶרְס֤וּ אֶל־יְהוָה֙ לִרְא֔וֹת וְנָפַ֥ל מִמֶּ֖נּוּ רָֽב׃ [Exodus 19:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.19.21/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:549` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 19:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.548/) - next →: [Exodus 19:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.550/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 19:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.19.21/)