---
title: Exodus 3:7 (JPS 1917) — And the LORD said: 'I have surely seen the affliction of My people t… · tree and pragmatics
description: And the LORD said: 'I have surely seen the affliction of My people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their pains; Who acts: LORD, I, people, taskmasters. Exodus 3:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 3:7 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And the LORD said: 'I have surely seen the affliction of My people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their pains;

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, I, people, taskmasters · **What happens:** say, see, be, hear, know, afflict · **To what, where:** affliction, Egypt, cry, pains, people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Exodus 3:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, I, people, taskmasters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:59
# text = And the LORD said: 'I have surely seen the affliction of My people that are in Egypt, and have heard their cry by reason of their taskmasters; for I know their pains;
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	ccomp	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	affliction	affliction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	acl:relcl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
24	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	by	by	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	30	nmod:poss	_	_
30	taskmasters	taskmaster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	nmod	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
33	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	know	know	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
35	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	pains	pain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obj	_	_
37	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the LORD |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **see** | present · perfect | I | the affliction of My people |  |  |  | surely *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer affliction=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present | My people |  |  | Egypt |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **hear** | present · perfect | I *not said here* | people's cry |  |  |  | by reason of people's taskmasters | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus |
| 5 | **know** | present | I | taskmasters's pains |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer pain=Stimulus |
| 6 | **afflict** |  |  | My people |  |  |  |  | nom affliction «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **cry** |  | people |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 8 | **pain** |  | taskmasters *= taskmaster* |  |  |  |  |  | nom pain «state transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה רָאֹ֥ה רָאִ֛יתִי אֶת־עֳנִ֥י עַמִּ֖י אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּמִצְרָ֑יִם וְאֶת־צַעֲקָתָ֤ם שָׁמַ֙עְתִּי֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י נֹֽגְשָׂ֔יו כִּ֥י יָדַ֖עְתִּי אֶת־מַכְאֹבָֽיו׃

[Exodus 3:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:59` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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