---
title: Exodus 21:14 (JPS 1917) — And if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him wit… · tree and pragmatics
description: And if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from Mine altar, that he may die. Who acts: man, thou. Exodus 21:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 21:14 · JPS 1917

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And if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from Mine altar, that he may die.

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**Who acts:** man, thou · **What happens:** come, slay, take, die · **To what, where:** neighbour, man, altar

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This is Exodus 21:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:593
# text = And if a man come presumptuously upon his neighbour, to slay him with guile; thou shalt take him from Mine altar, that he may die.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	19	advcl	_	_
6	presumptuously	presumptuously	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	neighbour	neighbour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	slay	slay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	guile	guile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
17	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	19	nsubj	_	_
18	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	from	from	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	Mine	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	altar	altar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
27	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	advcl	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- indirect: yes
- teacher: changed indirect=1, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a man |  |  | man's neighbour |  | presumptuously *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon neighbour=Location |
| 2 | **slay** | to-infinitive | a man *not said here* | man |  |  |  | with guile | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent he=Patient with guile=Instrument |
| 3 | **take** | shall | thou | man |  | Mine altar |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent he=Theme from altar=Initial\_Location |
| 4 | **die** | may | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְכִֽי־יָזִ֥ד אִ֛ישׁ עַל־רֵעֵ֖הוּ לְהָרְג֣וֹ בְעָרְמָ֑ה מֵעִ֣ם מִזְבְּחִ֔י תִּקָּחֶ֖נּוּ לָמֽוּת׃ס

[Exodus 21:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.21.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:593` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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