---
title: Exodus 3:9 (JPS 1917) — And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto Me;… · tree and pragmatics
description: And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto Me; moreover I have seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them. Who acts: cry, I, Egyptians, children. Exodus 3:9 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 3:9 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto Me; moreover I have seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.

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**Who acts:** cry, I, Egyptians, children · **What happens:** come, see, oppress, cry · **To what, where:** oppression, children

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This is Exodus 3:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cry, I, Egyptians, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:61
# text = And now, behold, the cry of the children of Israel is come unto Me; moreover I have seen the oppression wherewith the Egyptians oppress them.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
2	now	now	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	behold	behold	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	_
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
15	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	Me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
18	moreover	moreover	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
20	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
21	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	parataxis	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	oppression	oppression	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
24	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	27	advmod	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	Egyptians	Egyptians	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	27	nsubj	_	_
27	oppress	oppress	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	acl:relcl	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present · passive | the cry of the children of Israel |  |  |  | now | unto Me | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | present · perfect | I | the oppression |  |  |  | moreover *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oppression=Stimulus |
| 3 | **oppress** | present | the Egyptians | children *= child* |  |  |  | wherewith *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **cry** |  | the children of Israel |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְעַתָּ֕ה הִנֵּ֛ה צַעֲקַ֥ת בְּנֵי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּ֣אָה אֵלָ֑י וְגַם־רָאִ֙יתִי֙ אֶת־הַלַּ֔חַץ אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִצְרַ֖יִם לֹחֲצִ֥ים אֹתָֽם׃

[Exodus 3:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.3.9/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:61` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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