---
title: Exodus 21:36 (JPS 1917) — Or if it be known that the ox was wont to gore in time past, and its… · tree and pragmatics
description: Or if it be known that the ox was wont to gore in time past, and its owner hath not kept it in; he shall surely pay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his own. Who acts: ox, owner, dead beast. Exodus 21:36 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 21:36 · JPS 1917

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Or if it be known that the ox was wont to gore in time past, and its owner hath not kept it in; he shall surely pay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his own.

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**Who acts:** ox, owner, dead beast · **What happens:** know, be, gore, not keep in, pay · **To what, where:** ox · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 21:36 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ox, owner, dead beast), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:615
# text = Or if it be known that the ox was wont to gore in time past, and its owner hath not kept it in; he shall surely pay ox for ox, and the dead beast shall be his own.
1	Or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	advcl	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	wont	wont	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	ccomp	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	gore	gore	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
18	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
20	hath	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
23	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	obj	_	_
24	in	in	ADP	RP	_	22	compound:prt	_	_
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	29	punct	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	surely	surely	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
30	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obj	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	amod	_	_
37	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	nsubj	_	_
38	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
39	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	cop	_	_
40	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive · passive |  | ox |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | past | the ox |  |  |  |  | wont *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **gore** | to-infinitive | the ox *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **keep in** | present · perfect | ox's owner | ox |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 5 | **pay** | shall | owner | ox |  |  |  | for ox; surely *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent ox=Asset for ox=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | shall | the dead beast |  |  |  |  | own *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
א֣וֹ נוֹדַ֗ע כִּ֠י שׁ֣וֹר נַגָּ֥ח הוּא֙ מִתְּמ֣וֹל שִׁלְשֹׁ֔ם וְלֹ֥א יִשְׁמְרֶ֖נּוּ בְּעָלָ֑יו שַׁלֵּ֨ם יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שׁוֹר֙ תַּ֣חַת הַשּׁ֔וֹר וְהַמֵּ֖ת יִֽהְיֶה־לּֽוֹ׃ס

[Exodus 21:36: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.21.36/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:615` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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