---
title: Exodus 22:3 (JPS 1917) — (22-3) If the theft be found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or… · tree and pragmatics
description: (22-3) If the theft be found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep, he shall pay double. Who acts: theft, bloodguiltiness. Exodus 22:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 22:3 · JPS 1917

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(22-3) If the theft be found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep, he shall pay double.

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**Who acts:** theft, bloodguiltiness · **What happens:** find, be, pay · **To what, where:** theft, hand, ox, double

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This is Exodus 22:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (theft, bloodguiltiness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:619
# text = (22-3) If the theft be found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep, he shall pay double.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	22-3	22-3	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	27	discourse	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	theft	theft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	27	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	alive	alive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	advcl	_	_
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	ox	ox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	advcl	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
23	sheep	sheep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
26	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
28	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	obj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	27	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive · passive |  | the theft |  | bloodguiltiness's hand |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 2 | **is a** | infinitive | theft | ox or ass or sheep |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pay** | shall | bloodguiltiness | double |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent double=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אִֽם־הִמָּצֵא֩ תִמָּצֵ֨א בְיָד֜וֹ הַגְּנֵבָ֗ה מִשּׁ֧וֹר עַד־חֲמ֛וֹר עַד־שֶׂ֖ה חַיִּ֑ים שְׁנַ֖יִם יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ס

[Exodus 22:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.3/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:619` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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