---
title: Exodus 22:4 (JPS 1917) — (22-4) If a man cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall let… · tree and pragmatics
description: (22-4) If a man cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall let his beast loose, and it feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution. Who acts: man, field, beast. Exodus 22:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and th
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.620/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/22/) / [22:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.4/) / JPS 1

# Exodus 22:4 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(22-4) If a man cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall let his beast loose, and it feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** man, field, beast · **What happens:** cause, eat, let, feed, make · **To what, where:** field, beast, restitution

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 22:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, field, beast), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:620
# text = (22-4) If a man cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall let his beast loose, and it feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	22-4	22-4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	51	dep	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	cause	cause	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	51	advcl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	vineyard	vineyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	xcomp	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	advmod	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	feed	feed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
27	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	28	det	_	_
28	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod:poss	_	_
29	's	's	PART	POS	_	28	case	_	_
30	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	51	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
37	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	38	amod	_	_
38	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nmod	_	_
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
40	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	43	cc	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	34	conj	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
45	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
46	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	amod	_	_
47	vineyard	vineyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	_
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
49	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
50	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	51	nsubj	_	_
51	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
52	restitution	restitution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	obj	_	_
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	51	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=assert

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | a man | a field or vineyard |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **eat** | to-infinitive · passive | a field or vineyard *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **let** | shall | a man *not said here* | man's beast |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beast=Theme |
| 4 | **feed** | infinitive | beast |  |  | another man's field |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in field=Location |
| 5 | **make** | shall | man | restitution |  |  |  | of the best of man's own field | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent restitution=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
כִּ֤י יַבְעֶר־אִישׁ֙ שָׂדֶ֣ה אוֹ־כֶ֔רֶם וְשִׁלַּח֙ אֶת־בְּעִיר֔וֹ וּבִעֵ֖ר בִּשְׂדֵ֣ה אַחֵ֑ר מֵיטַ֥ב שָׂדֵ֛הוּ וּמֵיטַ֥ב כַּרְמ֖וֹ יְשַׁלֵּֽם׃ס

[Exodus 22:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.4/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:620` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Exodus 22:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.619/)
- next →: [Exodus 22:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.621/)
- ↑ back to [Exodus 22:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.4/)