--- title: Exodus 22:8 (JPS 1917) — For every matter of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for she… · tree and pragmatics description: For every matter of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, whereof one saith: 'This is it,' the cause of both parties shall come before God; he whom God shall condemn shall pay double unto his neighbour. Who acts: master, one, This, cause. 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The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (master, one, This, cause), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:624 # text = For every matter of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, whereof one saith: 'This is it,' the cause of both parties shall come before God; he whom God shall condemn shall pay double unto his neighbour. 1 For for ADP IN _ 3 case _ _ 2 every every DET DT PronType=Tot 3 det _ _ 3 matter matter NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 4 of of ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 trespass trespass NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 nmod _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 7 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 11 mark _ _ 8 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 9 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 11 cop _ _ 10 for for ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 11 ox ox NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 advcl _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 13 for for ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 ass ass NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 16 for for ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 sheep sheep NOUN NNS Number=Plur 11 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 for for ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 raiment raiment NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 21 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 22 or or CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 23 for for ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 25 det _ _ 25 manner manner NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 conj _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 27 lost lose VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 amod _ _ 28 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 nmod _ _ 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 whereof whereof ADV WRB PronType=Rel 32 advmod _ _ 31 one one PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 32 nsubj _ _ 32 saith say VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ _ 33 : : PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 34 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 37 punct _ _ 35 This this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 37 nsubj _ _ 36 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 cop _ _ 37 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 ccomp _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 39 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 37 punct _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 cause cause NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nsubj _ _ 42 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 both both DET DT PronType=Tot 44 det _ _ 44 parties party NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 nmod _ _ 45 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 46 aux _ _ 46 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 47 before before ADP IN _ 48 case _ _ 48 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 49 ; ; PUNCT : _ 56 punct _ _ 50 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 56 nsubj _ _ 51 whom whom PRON WP PronType=Rel 54 obj _ _ 52 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 54 nsubj _ _ 53 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 54 aux _ _ 54 condemn condemn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 50 acl:relcl _ _ 55 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 56 aux _ _ 56 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 46 parataxis _ _ 57 double double ADV RB _ 56 advmod _ _ 58 unto unto ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 60 nmod:poss _ _ 60 neighbour neighbour NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obl _ _ 61 . . PUNCT . _ 46 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | infinitive | master | | | | | for ox and ass and sheep and raiment or any manner of lost thing | tree rules | | 2 | **lose** | participle | | | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | one | | | | | whereof *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 4 | **is a** | present | This | master | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **come** | shall | the cause of both parties | | | | before God | for every matter of trespass | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before god=Location | | 6 | **condemn** | shall | God | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Theme | | 7 | **pay** | shall | cause | | | | | unto God's neighbour; double *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **matter** | | trespass | | | | | | nom matter «cognition intransitive»: of=agent | | 9 | **cause** | | | both parties | | | | | nom cause «event transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} עַֽל־כָּל־דְּבַר־פֶּ֡שַׁע עַל־שׁ֡וֹר עַל־חֲ֠מוֹר עַל־שֶׂ֨ה עַל־שַׂלְמָ֜ה עַל־כָּל־אֲבֵדָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֤ר יֹאמַר֙ כִּי־ה֣וּא זֶ֔ה עַ֚ד הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים יָבֹ֖א דְּבַר־שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַרְשִׁיעֻן֙ אֱלֹהִ֔ים יְשַׁלֵּ֥ם שְׁנַ֖יִם לְרֵעֵֽהוּ׃ס [Exodus 22:8: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.8/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:624` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 22:7 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.623/) - next →: [Exodus 22:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.625/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 22:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.8/)