---
title: Exodus 22:14 (JPS 1917) — (22-14) If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good;… · tree and pragmatics
description: (22-14) If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire. Who acts: owner, man. Exodus 22:14 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 22:14 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(22-14) If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** owner, man · **What happens:** be, not make, lose · **To what, where:** owner, hireling, hire

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 22:14 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (owner, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:630
# text = (22-14) If the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good; if it be a hireling, he loseth his hire.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	22-14	22-14	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	15	dep	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
7	thereof	thereof	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	advcl	_	_
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
13	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	15	advmod	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
19	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
21	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	23	cop	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	hireling	hireling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	advcl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	nsubj	_	_
26	loseth	lose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	hire	hire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | the owner |  |  |  |  | with owner | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **make** | shall | man | owner |  |  |  | good *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Product |
| 3 | **is a** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | owner | a hireling |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **lose** | present | man | man's hire |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hire=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אִם־בְּעָלָ֥יו עִמּ֖וֹ לֹ֣א יְשַׁלֵּ֑ם אִם־שָׂכִ֣יר ה֔וּא בָּ֖א בִּשְׂכָרֽוֹ׃ס

[Exodus 22:14: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.14/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:630` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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