---
title: Exodus 22:16 (JPS 1917) — (22-16) If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall… · tree and pragmatics
description: (22-16) If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins. Who acts: father, man. Exodus 22:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 22:16 · JPS 1917

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(22-16) If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.

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**Who acts:** father, man · **What happens:** refuse, not give, pay, accord · **To what, where:** sheep, money

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This is Exodus 22:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:632
# text = (22-16) If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	22-16	22-16	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	17	dep	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	If	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	utterly	utterly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	refuse	refuse	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	advcl	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
11	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obl	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
18	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
19	according	accord	VERB	VBG	ExtPos=ADP|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	22	case	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	fixed	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	dowry	dowry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	virgins	virgin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	nmod	_	_
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refuse** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | sheep's father |  |  |  |  | utterly *property* | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **give** | to-infinitive | sheep's father *not said here* | sheep |  |  |  | unto man | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
| 3 | **pay** | shall | man | money |  |  |  | accord the dowry of virgins | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent money=Asset |
| 4 | **accord** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
אִם־מָאֵ֧ן יְמָאֵ֛ן אָבִ֖יהָ לְתִתָּ֣הּ ל֑וֹ כֶּ֣סֶף יִשְׁקֹ֔ל כְּמֹ֖הַר הַבְּתוּלֹֽת׃ס

[Exodus 22:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:632` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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