---
title: Exodus 22:20 (JPS 1917) — And a stranger shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him;… · tree and pragmatics
description: And a stranger shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt. Who acts: thou, ye. Exodus 22:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 22:20 · JPS 1917

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And a stranger shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.

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**Who acts:** thou, ye · **What happens:** not wrong, oppress, be · **To what, where:** stranger, father, strangers, land

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This is Exodus 22:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:636
# text = And a stranger shalt thou not wrong, neither shalt thou oppress him; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
4	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	7	nsubj	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	wrong	wrong	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	neither	neither	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	12	cc	_	_
10	shalt	shall	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nsubj	_	_
12	oppress	oppress	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
15	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	18	mark	_	_
16	ye	ye	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	18	nsubj	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	strangers	stranger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	advcl	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Egypt	Egypt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: neg
- teacher: changed act=request, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **wrong** | shall | thou | a stranger |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **oppress** | shall | thou | father |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is a** | past | ye | strangers |  | the land of Egypt |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְגֵ֥ר לֹא־תוֹנֶ֖ה וְלֹ֣א תִלְחָצֶ֑נּוּ כִּֽי־גֵרִ֥ים הֱיִיתֶ֖ם בְּאֶ֥רֶץ מִצְרָֽיִם׃

[Exodus 22:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:636` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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