---
title: Exodus 22:23 (JPS 1917) — (22-23) My wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword;… · tree and pragmatics
description: (22-23) My wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless. Who acts: wrath, I, wives. Exodus 22:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 22:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(22-23) My wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.

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**Who acts:** wrath, I, wives · **What happens:** wax, kill, be · **To what, where:** you, widows

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This is Exodus 22:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wrath, I, wives), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:639
# text = (22-23) My wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	22-23	22-23	X	LS	_	7	dep	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	wrath	wrath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	wax	wax	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
14	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
20	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
22	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
24	widows	widow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	_
29	fatherless	fatherless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	orphan	_	_
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: warn
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character, act=warn

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wax** | shall | My wrath |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **kill** | future | I | you |  |  |  | with the sword | vn murder-42.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent you=Patient with sword=Instrument |
| 3 | **is a** | shall | your wives | widows and your children |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְחָרָ֣ה אַפִּ֔י וְהָרַגְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם בֶּחָ֑רֶב וְהָי֤וּ נְשֵׁיכֶם֙ אַלְמָנ֔וֹת וּבְנֵיכֶ֖ם יְתֹמִֽים׃פ

[Exodus 22:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.22.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:639` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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