--- title: Exodus 23:5 (JPS 1917) — If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden,… · tree and pragmatics description: If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, thou shalt forbear to pass by him; thou shalt surely release it with him. Who acts: thou, ass. Exodus 23:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.652/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Exodus](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO/23/) / [23:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.5/) / JPS 1 # Exodus 23:5 · JPS 1917 If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, thou shalt forbear to pass by him; thou shalt surely release it with him. **Who acts:** thou, ass · **What happens:** see, hate, lie, forbear, pass, release · **To what, where:** ass, thee, burden This is Exodus 23:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou, ass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:EXO:652 # text = If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, thou shalt forbear to pass by him; thou shalt surely release it with him. 1 If if SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 3 nsubj _ _ 3 see see VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 18 advcl _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 ass ass NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 7 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nmod _ _ 8 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 9 hateth hate VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 5 acl:relcl _ _ 10 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 9 obj _ _ 11 lying lie VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 9 xcomp _ _ 12 under under ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 13 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 14 nmod:poss _ _ 14 burden burden NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 16 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 18 nsubj _ _ 17 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 18 aux _ _ 18 forbear forbear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 0 root _ _ 19 to to PART TO _ 20 mark _ _ 20 pass pass VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 xcomp _ _ 21 by by ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 22 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ _ 23 ; ; PUNCT : _ 27 punct _ _ 24 thou thou PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 27 nsubj _ _ 25 shalt shall AUX MD Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 surely surely ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 release release VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 28 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obj _ _ 29 with with ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ _ 31 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: changed act=request | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | thou | the ass of man | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ass=Stimulus | | 2 | **hate** | present | the ass of man | thee | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **lie** *not said to happen* | gerund | the ass of man *not said here* | | | ass's burden | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under burden=Location | | 4 | **forbear** | shall | thou | | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **pass** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | | | | | by man | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by he=Location | | 6 | **release** | shall | thou | ass | | | | with man; surely *property* | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Causer it=Source | | 7 | **burden** | | ass | | | | | | nom burden «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} כִּֽי־תִרְאֶ֞ה חֲמ֣וֹר שֹׂנַאֲךָ֗ רֹבֵץ֙ תַּ֣חַת מַשָּׂא֔וֹ וְחָדַלְתָּ֖ מֵעֲזֹ֣ב ל֑וֹ עָזֹ֥ב תַּעֲזֹ֖ב עִמּֽוֹ׃ס [Exodus 23:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.5/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:652` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Exodus 23:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.651/) - next →: [Exodus 23:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/EXO.653/) - ↑ back to [Exodus 23:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.5/)