---
title: Exodus 23:16 (JPS 1917) — and the feast of harvest, the first-fruits of thy labours, which tho… · tree and pragmatics
description: and the feast of harvest, the first-fruits of thy labours, which thou sowest in the field; and the feast of ingathering, at the end of the year, when thou gatherest in thy labours out of the field. Who acts: thou. Exodus 23:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 23:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and the feast of harvest, the first-fruits of thy labours, which thou sowest in the field; and the feast of ingathering, at the end of the year, when thou gatherest in thy labours out of the field.

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**Who acts:** thou · **What happens:** sow, gather in · **To what, where:** first fruits, field, labours

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This is Exodus 23:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:664
# text = and the feast of harvest, the first-fruits of thy labours, which thou sowest in the field; and the feast of ingathering, at the end of the year, when thou gatherest in thy labours out of the field.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	harvest	harvest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	10	amod	_	_
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	_
10	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	labours	labour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	obj	_	_
16	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	17	nsubj	_	_
17	sowest	sow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	ingathering	ingathering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	at	at	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
35	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	37	advmod	_	_
36	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	37	nsubj	_	_
37	gatherest	gather	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	acl:relcl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	RP	_	37	compound:prt	_	_
39	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	labours	labour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
41	out	out	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
42	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
43	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	44	det	_	_
44	field	field	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: fragment
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=frag, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sow** | present | thou | the first fruits of thy labours |  | the field |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent which=Theme in field=Destination |
| 2 | **gather in** | present | thou | thy labours |  | the field |  |  | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent labour=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְחַ֤ג הַקָּצִיר֙ בִּכּוּרֵ֣י מַעֲשֶׂ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר תִּזְרַ֖ע בַּשָּׂדֶ֑ה וְחַ֤ג הָֽאָסִף֙ בְּצֵ֣את הַשָּׁנָ֔ה בְּאָסְפְּךָ֥ אֶֽת־מַעֲשֶׂ֖יךָ מִן־הַשָּׂדֶֽה׃

[Exodus 23:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:664` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ↑ back to [Exodus 23:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.16/)