---
title: Exodus 23:28 (JPS 1917) — And I will send the hornet before thee, which shall drive out the Hi… · tree and pragmatics
description: And I will send the hornet before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee. Who acts: I, hornet. Exodus 23:28 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 23:28 · JPS 1917

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And I will send the hornet before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.

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**Who acts:** I, hornet · **What happens:** send, drive out · **To what, where:** hornet, Hivite, thee

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This is Exodus 23:28 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, hornet), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:677
# text = And I will send the hornet before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	send	send	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hornet	hornet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	before	before	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	4	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl:relcl	_	_
13	out	out	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Hivite	Hivite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	Canaanite	canaanite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	Hittite	hittite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	from	from	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	before	before	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	obl	_	_
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | future | I | the hornet |  |  | before thee |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hornet=Theme |
| 2 | **drive out** | shall | the hornet | the Hivite and the Canaanite and the Hittite |  | thee |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hivite=Theme from thou=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְשָׁלַחְתִּ֥י אֶת־הַצִּרְעָ֖ה לְפָנֶ֑יךָ וְגֵרְשָׁ֗ה אֶת־הַחִוִּ֧י אֶת־הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֛י וְאֶת־הַחִתִּ֖י מִלְּפָנֶֽיךָ׃

[Exodus 23:28: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.23.28/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:677` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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