---
title: Exodus 24:10 (JPS 1917) — and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under His feet the lik… · tree and pragmatics
description: and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under His feet the like of a paved work of sapphire stone, and the like of the very heaven for clearness. Who acts: Aaron, like, sapphire stone. Exodus 24:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 24:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under His feet the like of a paved work of sapphire stone, and the like of the very heaven for clearness.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Aaron, like, sapphire stone · **What happens:** see, be, pave, work · **To what, where:** God, feet

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 24:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aaron, like, sapphire stone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:692
# text = and they saw the God of Israel; and there was under His feet the like of a paved work of sapphire stone, and the like of the very heaven for clearness.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	11	expl	_	_
11	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
12	under	under	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	like	like	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	paved	pave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	sapphire	sapphire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	like	like	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	very	very	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
32	for	for	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	clearness	clearness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Aaron | the God of Israel |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer god=Stimulus |
| 2 | **be** | past | the like of a paved work of sapphire stone and the like of the very heaven for clearness |  |  | Israel's feet; there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under foot=Location |
| 3 | **pave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **work** |  | sapphire stone |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּרְא֕וּ אֵ֖ת אֱלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְתַ֣חַת רַגְלָ֗יו כְּמַעֲשֵׂה֙ לִבְנַ֣ת הַסַּפִּ֔יר וּכְעֶ֥צֶם הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם לָטֹֽהַר׃

[Exodus 24:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.24.10/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:692` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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