---
title: Exodus 32:20 (JPS 1917) — And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, an… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it. Who acts: noise, tables, children. Exodus 32:20 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Exodus 32:20 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** noise, tables, children · **What happens:** take, make, burnt, grind, strew, drink · **To what, where:** calf, powder, water, children

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Exodus 32:20 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noise, tables, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:EXO:965
# text = And he took the calf which they had made, and burnt it with fire, and ground it to powder, and strewed it upon the water, and made the children of Israel drink of it.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	calf	calf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	obj	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	burnt	burnt	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	ground	grind	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	strewed	strew	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	obj	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Israel	Israel	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
36	drink	drink	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	31	xcomp	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	36	obl	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | noise |  | the calf |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument calf=Destination |
| 2 | **make** | past · perfect | tables *= table* | the calf |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset which=Product |
| 3 | **burnt** | past | noise *not said here* | calf |  |  |  | with fire | tree rules |
| 4 | **grind** | past | noise *not said here* | calf | powder |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Patient to powder=Recipient |
| 5 | **strew** | past | noise *not said here* | calf |  | the water |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme upon water=Destination |
| 6 | **make** | past | noise *not said here* | the children of Israel |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **drink** | infinitive | the children of Israel *not said here* |  |  |  |  | of calf | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V PP.source»: agent=Agent of it=Source |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־הָעֵ֨גֶל אֲשֶׁ֤ר עָשׂוּ֙ וַיִּשְׂרֹ֣ף בָּאֵ֔שׁ וַיִּטְחַ֖ן עַ֣ד אֲשֶׁר־דָּ֑ק וַיִּ֙זֶר֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַמַּ֔יִם וַיַּ֖שְׁקְ אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

[Exodus 32:20: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/EXO.32.20/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:EXO:965` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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