---
title: Genesis 32:23 (JPS 1917) — (32-23) And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his t… · tree and pragmatics
description: (32-23) And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two handmaids, and his eleven children, and passed over the ford of the Jabbok. Who acts: Esau. Genesis 32:23 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 32:23 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
(32-23) And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two handmaids, and his eleven children, and passed over the ford of the Jabbok.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Esau · **What happens:** rise up, take, pass · **To what, where:** two wives, ford

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This is Genesis 32:23 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Esau), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:1022
# text = (32-23) And he rose up that night, and took his two wives, and his two handmaids, and his eleven children, and passed over the ford of the Jabbok.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	32-23	32-23	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	dep	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	up	up	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	wives	wife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
19	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	20	nummod	_	_
20	handmaids	handmaid	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	eleven	eleven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
29	over	over	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	ford	ford	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	Jabbok	Jabbok	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise up** | past | Esau |  |  |  | night |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | past | Esau *not said here* |  | Esau's two wives and Esau's two handmaids and Esau's eleven children |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Destination |
| 3 | **pass** | past | Esau *not said here* |  |  | the ford of the Jabbok |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over ford=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּ֣קָם ׀ בַּלַּ֣יְלָה ה֗וּא וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת־שְׁתֵּ֤י נָשָׁיו֙ וְאֶת־שְׁתֵּ֣י שִׁפְחֹתָ֔יו וְאֶת־אַחַ֥ד עָשָׂ֖ר יְלָדָ֑יו וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֔ר אֵ֖ת מַעֲבַ֥ר יַבֹּֽק׃

[Genesis 32:23: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.32.23/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1022` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 32:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1021/)
- next →: [Genesis 32:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1023/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 32:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.32.23/)