---
title: Genesis 32:25 (JPS 1917) — (32-25) And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him… · tree and pragmatics
description: (32-25) And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day. Who acts: man. Genesis 32:25 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 32:25 · JPS 1917

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(32-25) And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** leave, wrestle · **To what, where:** Jacob

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This is Genesis 32:25 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:1024
# text = (32-25) And Jacob was left alone; and there wrestled a man with him until the breaking of the day.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
2	32-25	32-25	NUM	LS	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	parataxis	_	_
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
5	Jacob	Jacob	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	xcomp	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	there	there	PRON	EX	_	12	expl	_	_
12	wrestled	wrestle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obl	_	_
17	until	until	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	breaking	breaking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | Jacob |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **wrestle** | past | a man |  |  | there | until the breaking of the day | with Esau | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with he=Co-Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּוָּתֵ֥ר יַעֲקֹ֖ב לְבַדּ֑וֹ וַיֵּאָבֵ֥ק אִישׁ֙ עִמּ֔וֹ עַ֖ד עֲל֥וֹת הַשָּֽׁחַר׃

[Genesis 32:25: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.32.25/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1024` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 32:24 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1023/)
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- ↑ back to [Genesis 32:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.32.25/)