---
title: Genesis 36:12 (JPS 1917) — And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bore to Eliph… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bore to Eliphaz Amalek. Who acts: Timna. Genesis 36:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 36:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bore to Eliphaz Amalek.

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**Who acts:** Timna · **What happens:** be, bear · **To what, where:** concubine, Amalek, Eliphaz

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This is Genesis 36:12 · JPS 1917, sentence 1 of 2 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Timna), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:1132
# text = And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bore to Eliphaz Amalek.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	Timna	Timna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	concubine	concubine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	Eliphaz	Eliphaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	_
7	Esau	Esau	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	flat	_	_
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
9	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Eliphaz	Eliphaz	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	iobj	_	_
16	Amalek	Amalek	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Timna | concubine |  |  |  | to Eliphaz's son | tree rules |
| 2 | **bear** | past | Timna | Amalek | Eliphaz |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent eliphaz=Beneficiary amalek=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְתִמְנַ֣ע ׀ הָיְתָ֣ה פִילֶ֗גֶשׁ לֶֽאֱלִיפַז֙ בֶּן־עֵשָׂ֔ו וַתֵּ֥לֶד לֶאֱלִיפַ֖ז אֶת־עֲמָלֵ֑ק אֵ֕לֶּה בְּנֵ֥י עָדָ֖ה אֵ֥שֶׁת עֵשָֽׂו׃

[Genesis 36:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.36.12/)

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This verse in JPS 1917:

<!-- .ens -->
1. **And Timna was concubine to Eliphaz Esau's son; and she bore to Eliphaz Amalek.**
2. [These are the sons of Adah Esau's wife.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1133/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1132` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 36:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1131/)
- next →: [Genesis 36:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1133/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 36:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.36.12/)