---
title: Genesis 37:4 (JPS 1917) — And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him. Who acts: brethren, father. Genesis 37:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 37:4 · JPS 1917

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And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.

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**Who acts:** brethren, father · **What happens:** see, love, hate, not speak · **To what, where:** Joseph · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 37:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brethren, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:1179
# text = And when his brethren saw that their father loved him more than all his brethren, they hated him, and could not speak peaceably unto him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	loved	love	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
12	than	than	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	hated	hate	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
25	peaceably	peaceably	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obl	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: neg
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Joseph's brethren |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **love** | past | brethren's father | Joseph |  |  |  | than Joseph's brethren | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 3 | **hate** | past | brethren | Joseph |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 4 | **not** **speak** *speech: other* | could | brethren *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unto Joseph; peaceably *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיִּרְא֣וּ אֶחָ֗יו כִּֽי־אֹת֞וֹ אָהַ֤ב אֲבִיהֶם֙ מִכָּל־אֶחָ֔יו וַֽיִּשְׂנְא֖וּ אֹת֑וֹ וְלֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ דַּבְּר֥וֹ לְשָׁלֹֽם׃

[Genesis 37:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1179` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 37:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1178/)
- next →: [Genesis 37:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1180/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 37:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.37.4/)