--- title: Genesis 38:11 (JPS 1917) — Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law: 'Remain a widow in thy… · tree and pragmatics description: Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law: 'Remain a widow in thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown up'; for he said: 'Lest he also die, like his brethren.' And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house. Who acts: Judah, Tamar. Genesis 38:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1227/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/) / [38:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.11/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 38:11 · JPS 1917 Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law: 'Remain a widow in thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown up'; for he said: 'Lest he also die, like his brethren.' And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house. **Who acts:** Judah, Tamar · **What happens:** say, remain, grow up, die, go, dwell · **To what, where:** Tamar, widow, house, Shelah · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Genesis 38:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah, Tamar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:1227 # text = Then said Judah to Tamar his daughter-in-law: 'Remain a widow in thy father's house, till Shelah my son be grown up'; for he said: 'Lest he also die, like his brethren.' And Tamar went and dwelt in her father's house. 1 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 2 advmod _ _ 2 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ _ 4 to to ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 Tamar Tamar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 daughter daughter NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 appos _ _ 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ _ 9 in in ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 11 punct _ _ 11 law law NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 nmod _ _ 12 : : PUNCT : _ 14 punct _ _ 13 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 14 punct _ _ 14 Remain remain VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 2 ccomp _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 widow widow NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 xcomp _ _ 17 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 18 thy thy PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod:poss _ _ 20 's 's PART POS _ 19 case _ _ 21 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 14 obl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 23 till till SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 24 Shelah Shelah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 28 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ _ 26 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 appos _ _ 27 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 28 aux:pass _ _ 28 grown grow VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 14 advcl _ _ 29 up up ADP RP _ 28 compound:prt _ _ 30 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 14 punct _ _ 31 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 32 for for SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 33 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 35 : : PUNCT : _ 40 punct _ _ 36 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 40 punct _ _ 37 Lest lest SCONJ IN _ 40 mark _ _ 38 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 39 also also ADV RB _ 40 advmod _ _ 40 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 34 ccomp _ _ 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 like like ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 44 nmod:poss _ _ 44 brethren brother NOUN NNS Number=Plur 40 obl _ _ 45 . . PUNCT . _ 40 punct _ _ 46 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 40 punct _ _ 47 And and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 48 Tamar Tamar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 49 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 51 dwelt dwell VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 49 conj _ _ 52 in in ADP IN _ 56 case _ _ 53 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 54 nmod:poss _ _ 54 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nmod:poss _ _ 55 's 's PART POS _ 54 case _ _ 56 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 51 obl _ _ 57 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: changed polarity=none | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Judah | | Tamar | | then | | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to tamar=Experiencer clause=Topic | | 2 | **remain** | infinitive | | a widow | | thy father's house | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location | | 3 | **grow up** | infinitive · passive | | Shelah | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Judah | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 5 | **die** | infinitive | Judah | | | | | like Judah's brethren | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | | 6 | **go** | past | Tamar | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **dwell** | past | Tamar *not said here* | | | Tamar's father's house | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוּדָה֩ לְתָמָ֨ר כַּלָּת֜וֹ שְׁבִ֧י אַלְמָנָ֣ה בֵית־אָבִ֗יךְ עַד־יִגְדַּל֙ שֵׁלָ֣ה בְנִ֔י כִּ֣י אָמַ֔ר פֶּן־יָמ֥וּת גַּם־ה֖וּא כְּאֶחָ֑יו וַתֵּ֣לֶךְ תָּמָ֔ר וַתֵּ֖שֶׁב בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיהָ׃ [Genesis 38:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.11/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1227` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 38:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1226/) - next →: [Genesis 38:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1228/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 38:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.11/)