--- title: Genesis 38:15 (JPS 1917) — When Judah saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; for she had cover… · tree and pragmatics description: When Judah saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; for she had covered her face. Who acts: Judah, Tamar. Genesis 38:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1231/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 38](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/38/) / [38:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.15/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 38:15 · JPS 1917 When Judah saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; for she had covered her face. **Who acts:** Judah, Tamar · **What happens:** see, think, be, cover · **To what, where:** Tamar, harlot, face This is Genesis 38:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Judah, Tamar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:1231 # text = When Judah saw her, he thought her to be a harlot; for she had covered her face. 1 When when SCONJ WRB _ 3 mark _ _ 2 Judah Judah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 7 advcl _ _ 4 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 9 to to PART TO _ 12 mark _ _ 10 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 12 cop _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 harlot harlot NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ _ 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 14 for for SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 she she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 16 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 covered cover VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 18 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 19 nmod:poss _ _ 19 face face NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 20 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **see** | past | Judah | Tamar | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Judah | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Tamar | a harlot | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **cover** | past · perfect | Tamar | Tamar's face | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent face=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיִּרְאֶ֣הָ יְהוּדָ֔ה וַֽיַּחְשְׁבֶ֖הָ לְזוֹנָ֑ה כִּ֥י כִסְּתָ֖ה פָּנֶֽיהָ׃ [Genesis 38:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.15/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1231` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 38:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1230/) - next →: [Genesis 38:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1232/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 38:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.38.15/)