--- title: Genesis 42:16 (JPS 1917) — Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother, and ye shall be bou… · tree and pragmatics description: Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother, and ye shall be bound, that your words may be proved, whether there be truth in you; or else, as Pharaoh liveth, surely ye are spies.' Who acts: you, brother, truth, Pharaoh. Genesis 42:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of eve --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1377/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/42/) / [42:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.42.16/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 42:16 · JPS 1917 Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother, and ye shall be bound, that your words may be proved, whether there be truth in you; or else, as Pharaoh liveth, surely ye are spies.' **Who acts:** you, brother, truth, Pharaoh, ye, your · **What happens:** send, let, fetch, bind, prove, be · **To what, where:** one, brother, ye, words, spies This is Genesis 42:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, brother, truth, Pharaoh), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:1377 # text = Send one of you, and let him fetch your brother, and ye shall be bound, that your words may be proved, whether there be truth in you; or else, as Pharaoh liveth, surely ye are spies.' 1 Send send VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 2 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 1 obj _ _ 3 of of ADP IN _ 4 case _ _ 4 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 2 nmod _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 let let VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 1 conj _ _ 8 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 obj _ _ 9 fetch fetch VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 xcomp _ _ 10 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ _ 11 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obj _ _ 12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 14 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 17 nsubj:pass _ _ 15 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 17 aux:pass _ _ 17 bound bind VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 1 conj _ _ 18 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 19 that that SCONJ IN _ 24 mark _ _ 20 your your PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 words word NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 nsubj:pass _ _ 22 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 23 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 24 aux:pass _ _ 24 proved prove VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 advcl _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 28 punct _ _ 26 whether whether SCONJ IN _ 28 mark _ _ 27 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 28 expl _ _ 28 be be VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 24 advcl _ _ 29 truth truth NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 31 you you PRON PRP Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs 29 nmod _ _ 32 ; ; PUNCT : _ 43 punct _ _ 33 or or CCONJ CC _ 43 cc _ _ 34 else else ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 35 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 36 as as SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 37 Pharaoh Pharaoh PROPN NNP Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ _ 38 liveth live VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 advcl _ _ 39 , , PUNCT , _ 38 punct _ _ 40 surely surely ADV RB _ 43 advmod _ _ 41 ye ye PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch 43 nsubj _ _ 42 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 43 cop _ _ 43 spies spy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 1 conj _ _ 44 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ 45 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **send** | imperative | you *not said here* | one of you | | | | | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme | | 2 | **let** | infinitive | you *not said here* | brother | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **fetch** | infinitive | brother *not said here* | your brother | | | | | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Theme | | 4 | **bind** | shall · passive | | ye | | | | | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | | 5 | **prove** | may · passive | | your words | | | | | vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 6 | **be** | present | truth in you | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **live** | present | Pharaoh | | | | | | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **is a** | present | ye | spies | | | | else, surely *property* | tree rules | | 9 | **word** | | your | | | | | | nom word «communication transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} שִׁלְח֨וּ מִכֶּ֣ם אֶחָד֮ וְיִקַּ֣ח אֶת־אֲחִיכֶם֒ וְאַתֶּם֙ הֵאָ֣סְר֔וּ וְיִבָּֽחֲנוּ֙ דִּבְרֵיכֶ֔ם הַֽאֱמֶ֖ת אִתְּכֶ֑ם וְאִם־לֹ֕א חֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה כִּ֥י מְרַגְּלִ֖ים אַתֶּֽם׃ [Genesis 42:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.42.16/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1377` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 42:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1376/) - next →: [Genesis 42:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1378/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 42:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.42.16/)