---
title: Genesis 43:16 (JPS 1917) — And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of hi… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of his house: 'Bring the men into the house, and kill the beasts, and prepare the meat; for the men shall dine with me at noon.' Who acts: Joseph, men. Genesis 43:16 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause
---

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# Genesis 43:16 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of his house: 'Bring the men into the house, and kill the beasts, and prepare the meat; for the men shall dine with me at noon.'

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**Who acts:** Joseph, men · **What happens:** see, say, bring, kill, prepare, dine · **To what, where:** Benjamin, men, house, beasts, meat · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 43:16 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Joseph, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:1416
# text = And when Joseph saw Benjamin with them, he said to the steward of his house: 'Bring the men into the house, and kill the beasts, and prepare the meat; for the men shall dine with me at noon.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
3	Joseph	Joseph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
5	Benjamin	Benjamin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	steward	steward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
18	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	_
19	Bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obj	_	_
22	into	into	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	kill	kill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	beasts	beast	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	27	obj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	prepare	prepare	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obj	_	_
35	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
36	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
39	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	40	aux	_	_
40	dine	dine	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	19	conj	_	_
41	with	with	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	40	obl	_	_
43	at	at	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	noon	noon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obl	_	_
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	_
46	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | Joseph | Benjamin |  |  |  | with present | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer benjamin=Stimulus |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joseph |  |  |  |  | to the steward of Joseph's house | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to steward=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 3 | **bring** | infinitive |  | the men |  | the house |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent man=Theme into house=Destination |
| 4 | **kill** | infinitive |  | the beasts |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beast=Theme |
| 5 | **prepare** | infinitive |  | the meat |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent meat=Patient |
| 6 | **dine** | shall | the men |  |  |  | noon | with me | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיַּ֨רְא יוֹסֵ֣ף אִתָּם֮ אֶת־בִּנְיָמִין֒ וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ לַֽאֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־בֵּית֔וֹ הָבֵ֥א אֶת־הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים הַבָּ֑יְתָה וּטְבֹ֤חַ טֶ֙בַח֙ וְהָכֵ֔ן כִּ֥י אִתִּ֛י יֹאכְל֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים בַּֽצָּהֳרָֽיִם׃

[Genesis 43:16: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.16/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1416` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 43:15 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1415/)
- next →: [Genesis 43:17 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1417/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 43:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.43.16/)