--- title: Genesis 6:4 (JPS 1917) — The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, w… · tree and pragmatics description: The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown. Who acts: Nephilim, sons, same, mighty men. Genesis 6:4 in JPS 1917 with its de --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.152/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/6/) / [6:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.6.4/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 6:4 · JPS 1917 The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown. **Who acts:** Nephilim, sons, same, mighty men · **What happens:** be, come in, bear · **To what, where:** earth, children, men, mighty men This is Genesis 6:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nephilim, sons, same, mighty men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:152 # text = The Nephilim were in the earth in those days, and also after that, when the sons of God came in unto the daughters of men, and they bore children to them; the same were the mighty men that were of old, the men of renown. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Nephilim Nephilim PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 cop _ _ 4 in in ADP IN _ 6 case _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 those that DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 9 det _ _ 9 days day NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 obl _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 12 also also ADV RB _ 14 advmod _ _ 13 after after ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 6 obl _ _ 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 16 when when SCONJ WRB _ 21 mark _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ _ 19 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 20 God God PROPN NNP Number=Sing 18 nmod _ _ 21 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 advcl _ _ 22 in in ADV RB _ 21 advmod _ _ 23 unto unto ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 daughters daughter NOUN NNS Number=Plur 21 obl _ _ 26 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 27 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 nmod _ _ 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 30 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 bore bear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 32 children child NOUN NNS Number=Plur 31 obj _ _ 33 to to ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 34 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obl _ _ 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 same same ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 nsubj _ _ 38 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 39 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 40 mighty mighty ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 amod _ _ 41 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 6 parataxis _ _ 42 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 45 nsubj _ _ 43 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 45 cop _ _ 44 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 45 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 41 acl:relcl _ _ 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 men man NOUN NNS Number=Plur 41 appos _ _ 49 of of ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 50 renown renown NOUN NN Number=Sing 48 nmod _ _ 51 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the Nephilim | | | the earth | after that; day | | tree rules | | 2 | **come in** | past | the sons of God | | | | | unto the daughters of men | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **bear** | past | sons *= son* | children | men *= man* | | | | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient | | 4 | **is a** | past | the same | the mighty men | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is** | past | the mighty men | | | | | old *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} הַנְּפִלִ֞ים הָי֣וּ בָאָרֶץ֮ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵם֒ וְגַ֣ם אַֽחֲרֵי־כֵ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר יָבֹ֜אוּ בְּנֵ֤י הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־בְּנ֣וֹת הָֽאָדָ֔ם וְיָלְד֖וּ לָהֶ֑ם הֵ֧מָּה הַגִּבֹּרִ֛ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר מֵעוֹלָ֖ם אַנְשֵׁ֥י הַשֵּֽׁם׃פ [Genesis 6:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.6.4/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:152` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 6:3 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.151/) - next →: [Genesis 6:5 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.153/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 6:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.6.4/)