--- title: Genesis 48:19 (JPS 1917) — And his father refused, and said: 'I know it, my son, I know it; he… · tree and pragmatics description: And his father refused, and said: 'I know it, my son, I know it; he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great; howbeit his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations.' Who acts: father, I, younger brother, seed. Genesis 48:19 in JPS 1917 w --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1595/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 48](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/48/) / [48:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.48.19/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 48:19 · JPS 1917 And his father refused, and said: 'I know it, my son, I know it; he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great; howbeit his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations.' **Who acts:** father, I, younger brother, seed · **What happens:** refuse, say, know, become, be · **To what, where:** hand, people, multitude · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Genesis 48:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, I, younger brother, seed), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:1595 # text = And his father refused, and said: 'I know it, my son, I know it; he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great; howbeit his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations.' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 4 cc _ _ 2 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ _ 3 father father NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ _ 4 refused refuse VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 5 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 and and CCONJ CC _ 7 cc _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 conj _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 11 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 11 punct _ _ 10 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 ccomp _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 vocative _ _ 16 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 17 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 know know VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 19 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 obj _ _ 20 ; ; PUNCT : _ 24 punct _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 22 also also ADV RB _ 24 advmod _ _ 23 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 24 become become VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 parataxis _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 24 xcomp _ _ 27 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 33 nsubj _ _ 30 also also ADV RB _ 33 advmod _ _ 31 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 33 aux _ _ 32 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 33 cop _ _ 33 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 35 howbeit howbeit ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 36 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ _ 37 younger young ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 38 amod _ _ 38 brother brother NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 39 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 41 aux _ _ 40 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 41 cop _ _ 41 greater great ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 7 parataxis _ _ 42 than than ADP IN _ 43 case _ _ 43 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 41 obl _ _ 44 , , PUNCT , _ 49 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 49 cc _ _ 46 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 47 nmod:poss _ _ 47 seed seed NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 nsubj _ _ 48 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 49 aux _ _ 49 become become VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 41 conj _ _ 50 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 51 multitude multitude NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 xcomp _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 53 case _ _ 53 nations nation NOUN NNS Number=Plur 51 nmod _ _ 54 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ 55 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **refuse** | past | Joseph's father | | | | | | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Joseph's father *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **know** | present | I | hand | | | | my son *vocative* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 4 | **know** | present | I | hand | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus | | 5 | **become** | shall | father | a people | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **is** | shall | father | | | | | great *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **is** | shall | father's younger brother | | | | | than father; great, howbeit *property* | tree rules | | 8 | **become** | shall | father's seed | a multitude of nations | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיְמָאֵ֣ן אָבִ֗יו וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ יָדַ֤עְתִּֽי בְנִי֙ יָדַ֔עְתִּי גַּם־ה֥וּא יִֽהְיֶה־לְּעָ֖ם וְגַם־ה֣וּא יִגְדָּ֑ל וְאוּלָ֗ם אָחִ֤יו הַקָּטֹן֙ יִגְדַּ֣ל מִמֶּ֔נּוּ וְזַרְע֖וֹ יִהְיֶ֥ה מְלֹֽא־הַגּוֹיִֽם׃ [Genesis 48:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.48.19/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:1595` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 48:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1594/) - next →: [Genesis 48:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.1596/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 48:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.48.19/)