---
title: Genesis 8:2 (JPS 1917) — the fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stoppe… · tree and pragmatics
description: the fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained. Genesis 8:2 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 8:2 · JPS 1917

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the fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained.

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**What happens:** stop, restrain · **To what, where:** fountains, rain

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This is Genesis 8:2 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:197
# text = the fountains also of the deep and the windows of heaven were stopped, and the rain from heaven was restrained.
1	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fountains	fountain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	deep	deep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	windows	window	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	stopped	stop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	from	from	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	restrained	restrain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past · passive |  | the fountains of the deep and the windows of heaven |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
| 2 | **restrain** | past · passive |  | the rain from heaven |  |  |  |  | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּסָּֽכְרוּ֙ מַעְיְנֹ֣ת תְּה֔וֹם וַֽאֲרֻבֹּ֖ת הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וַיִּכָּלֵ֥א הַגֶּ֖שֶׁם מִן־הַשָּׁמָֽיִם׃

[Genesis 8:2: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.8.2/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:197` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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