---
title: Genesis 8:7 (JPS 1917) — And he sent forth a raven, and it went forth to and fro, until the w… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he sent forth a raven, and it went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth. Who acts: Noah, raven. Genesis 8:7 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 8:7 · JPS 1917

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And he sent forth a raven, and it went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.

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**Who acts:** Noah, raven · **What happens:** send, go, dry up · **To what, where:** raven, waters, earth

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This is Genesis 8:7 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Noah, raven), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:202
# text = And he sent forth a raven, and it went forth to and fro, until the waters were dried up from off the earth.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADV	IN	_	10	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	fro	fro	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	_
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	advcl	_	_
21	up	up	ADV	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	off	off	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | past | Noah | a raven |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raven=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | raven |  |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **dry up** | past · passive |  | the waters |  | the earth |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיְשַׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־הָֽעֹרֵ֑ב וַיֵּצֵ֤א יָצוֹא֙ וָשׁ֔וֹב עַד־יְבֹ֥שֶׁת הַמַּ֖יִם מֵעַ֥ל הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Genesis 8:7: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.8.7/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:202` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 8:6 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.201/)
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