---
title: Genesis 1:21 (JPS 1917) — And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature th… · tree and pragmatics
description: And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature that creepeth, wherewith the waters swarmed, after its kind, and every winged fowl after its kind; and God saw that it was good. Who acts: God, living creature, waters, fowl. Genesis 1:21 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the p
---

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# Genesis 1:21 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature that creepeth, wherewith the waters swarmed, after its kind, and every winged fowl after its kind; and God saw that it was good.

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**Who acts:** God, living creature, waters, fowl · **What happens:** create, creep, swarm, see, be · **To what, where:** great sea monsters · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 1:21 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (God, living creature, waters, fowl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:22
# text = And God created the great sea-monsters, and every living creature that creepeth, wherewith the waters swarmed, after its kind, and every winged fowl after its kind; and God saw that it was good.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	created	create	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	_
8	monsters	monster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
12	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	creature	creature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	nsubj	_	_
15	creepeth	creep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	wherewith	wherewith	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	20	advmod	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	waters	water	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	swarmed	swarm	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	after	after	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
27	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	det	_	_
28	winged	winged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	fowl	fowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
30	after	after	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
32	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	_
33	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	36	punct	_	_
34	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
36	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
37	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
38	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	40	nsubj	_	_
39	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	cop	_	_
40	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	ccomp	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: pos
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **create** | past | God | the great sea monsters and every living creature after firmament's kind and every winged fowl after fowl's kind |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent monster=Result |
| 2 | **creep** | present | every living creature after firmament's kind |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **swarm** | past | the waters |  |  |  |  | wherewith *property* | vn swarm-47.5.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **see** | past | God |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **is** | past | fowl |  |  |  |  | good *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיִּבְרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֔ים אֶת־הַתַּנִּינִ֖ם הַגְּדֹלִ֑ים וְאֵ֣ת כָּל־נֶ֣פֶשׁ הַֽחַיָּ֣ה ׀ הָֽרֹמֶ֡שֶׂת אֲשֶׁר֩ שָׁרְצ֨וּ הַמַּ֜יִם לְמִֽינֵהֶ֗ם וְאֵ֨ת כָּל־ע֤וֹף כָּנָף֙ לְמִינֵ֔הוּ וַיַּ֥רְא אֱלֹהִ֖ים כִּי־טֽוֹב׃

[Genesis 1:21: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.21/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:22` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 1:20 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.21/)
- next →: [Genesis 1:22 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.23/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 1:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.21/)