---
title: Genesis 9:19 (JPS 1917) — These three were the sons of Noah, and of these was the whole earth… · tree and pragmatics
description: These three were the sons of Noah, and of these was the whole earth overspread. Who acts: three, whole earth. Genesis 9:19 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 9:19 · JPS 1917

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These three were the sons of Noah, and of these was the whole earth overspread.

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**Who acts:** three, whole earth · **What happens:** be, overspread · **To what, where:** sons

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This is Genesis 9:19 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (three, whole earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:236
# text = These three were the sons of Noah, and of these was the whole earth overspread.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Noah	Noah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	conj	_	_
12	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
16	overspread	overspread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	csubj	_	_
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | this three | the sons |  |  |  | of Noah | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past | the whole earth |  |  |  |  | of these | tree rules |
| 3 | **overspread** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה אֵ֖לֶּה בְּנֵי־נֹ֑חַ וּמֵאֵ֖לֶּה נָֽפְצָ֥ה כָל־הָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Genesis 9:19: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.9.19/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:236` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 9:18 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.235/)
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- ↑ back to [Genesis 9:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.9.19/)