---
title: Genesis 1:30 (JPS 1917) — and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is a living soul, I have given every green herb for food.' And it was so. Who acts: thing, living soul, I, herb. Genesis 1:30 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# Genesis 1:30 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is a living soul, I have given every green herb for food.' And it was so.

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**Who acts:** thing, living soul, I, herb · **What happens:** creep, be, give · **To what, where:** earth, green herb, beast

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This is Genesis 1:30 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (thing, living soul, I, herb), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:31
# text = and to every beast of the earth, and to every fowl of the air, and to every thing that creepeth upon the earth, wherein there is a living soul, I have given every green herb for food.' And it was so.
1	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	beast	beast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	fowl	fowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	creepeth	creep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	wherein	wherein	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	29	advmod	_	_
28	there	there	PRON	EX	_	29	expl	_	_
29	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
30	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
34	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	36	nsubj	_	_
35	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	aux	_	_
36	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
37	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	39	det	_	_
38	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	herb	herb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obj	_	_
40	for	for	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
41	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	obl	_	_
42	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	_
43	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	36	punct	_	_
44	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
45	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	47	nsubj	_	_
46	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	47	cop	_	_
47	so	so	ADV	RB	_	36	conj	_	_
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	36	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **creep** | present | every thing |  |  | the earth |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon earth=Trajectory |
| 2 | **be** | present | a living soul |  |  | there |  | wherein *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | present · perfect | I | every green herb | every beast of the earth and every fowl of the air and every thing |  |  | for food | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent herb=Theme to beast=Recipient for food=Asset |
| 4 | **is** | past | herb |  |  |  |  | so *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּֽלְכָל־חַיַּ֣ת הָ֠אָרֶץ וּלְכָל־ע֨וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם וּלְכֹ֣ל ׀ רוֹמֵ֣שׂ עַל־הָאָ֗רֶץ אֲשֶׁר־בּוֹ֙ נֶ֣פֶשׁ חַיָּ֔ה אֶת־כָּל־יֶ֥רֶק עֵ֖שֶׂב לְאָכְלָ֑ה וַֽיְהִי־כֵֽן׃

[Genesis 1:30: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.30/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:31` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 1:29 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.30/)
- next →: [Genesis 1:31 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.32/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 1:30](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.1.30/)