---
title: Genesis 14:13 (JPS 1917) — And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew — now… · tree and pragmatics
description: And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew — now he dwelt by the terebinths of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner; and these were confederate with Abram. Who acts: one, Abram, these. Genesis 14:13 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Genesis 14:13 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew — now he dwelt by the terebinths of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner; and these were confederate with Abram.

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**Who acts:** one, Abram, these · **What happens:** come, escape, tell, dwell, be · **To what, where:** Abram · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 14:13 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one, Abram, these), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:365
# text = And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew — now he dwelt by the terebinths of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner; and these were confederate with Abram.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	one	one	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
6	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	escaped	escape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	acl:relcl	_	_
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	Abram	Abram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	iobj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	Hebrew	Hebrew	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
14	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	17	advmod	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	dwelt	dwell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	terebinths	terebinth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Mamre	Mamre	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	Amorite	Amorite	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	Eshcol	Eshcol	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	_
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
33	Aner	Aner	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	nmod	_	_
34	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	38	punct	_	_
35	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
36	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	38	nsubj	_	_
37	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	cop	_	_
38	confederate	confederate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
39	with	with	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
40	Abram	Abram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | one |  |  | there |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **escape** | past · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | one *not said here* |  | Abram |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent abram=Recipient |
| 4 | **dwell** | past | Abram |  |  |  | now | by the terebinths of Mamre | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by terebinth=Location |
| 5 | **is** | past | these |  |  |  |  | with Abram; confederate *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיָּבֹא֙ הַפָּלִ֔יט וַיַּגֵּ֖ד לְאַבְרָ֣ם הָעִבְרִ֑י וְהוּא֩ שֹׁכֵ֨ן בְּאֵֽלֹנֵ֜י מַמְרֵ֣א הָאֱמֹרִ֗י אֲחִ֤י אֶשְׁכֹּל֙ וַאֲחִ֣י עָנֵ֔ר וְהֵ֖ם בַּעֲלֵ֥י בְרִית־אַבְרָֽם׃

[Genesis 14:13: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.13/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:365` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 14:12 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.364/)
- next →: [Genesis 14:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.366/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 14:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.13/)