---
title: Genesis 14:15 (JPS 1917) — And he divided himself against them by night, he and his servants, a… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he divided himself against them by night, he and his servants, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus. Who acts: brother, Hobah. Genesis 14:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 14:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he divided himself against them by night, he and his servants, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** brother, Hobah · **What happens:** divide, smote, pursue, be · **To what, where:** brother, men, left hand

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Genesis 14:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, Hobah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:367
# text = And he divided himself against them by night, he and his servants, and smote them, and pursued them unto Hobah, which is on the left hand of Damascus.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	divided	divide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	3	obj	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	servants	servant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	_
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	smote	smote	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
17	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	pursued	pursue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
21	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Hobah	Hobah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
25	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	30	nsubj	_	_
26	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
29	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	amod	_	_
30	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	acl:relcl	_	_
31	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	Damascus	Damascus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	30	nmod	_	_
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | past | brother | brother |  |  | night | against men *= man*; Abram *obl* | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme |
| 2 | **smote** | past | brother *not said here* | men *= man* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pursue** | past | brother *not said here* | men *= man* |  |  |  | unto Hobah | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 4 | **is** | present | Hobah |  |  | the left hand |  | of Damascus | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֵּחָלֵ֨ק עֲלֵיהֶ֧ם ׀ לַ֛יְלָה ה֥וּא וַעֲבָדָ֖יו וַיַּכֵּ֑ם וַֽיִּרְדְּפֵם֙ עַד־חוֹבָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר מִשְּׂמֹ֖אל לְדַמָּֽשֶׂק׃

[Genesis 14:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:367` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Genesis 14:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.366/)
- next →: [Genesis 14:16 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.368/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 14:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.15/)