---
title: Genesis 2:4 (JPS 1917) — These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they w… · tree and pragmatics
description: These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven. Who acts: These, LORD God. Genesis 2:4 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 2:4 · JPS 1917

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These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven.

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**Who acts:** These, LORD God · **What happens:** be, create, make · **To what, where:** generations, heaven, day

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This is Genesis 2:4 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (These, LORD God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:37
# text = These are the generations of the heaven and of the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made earth and heaven.
1	These	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	generations	generation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	created	create	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	obl	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	nsubj	_	_
24	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
25	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	_
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | These | the generations |  |  |  | of the heaven and the earth | tree rules |
| 2 | **create** | past · passive |  | heaven |  |  | day |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result |
| 3 | **make** | past | the LORD God | the day |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent earth=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אֵ֣לֶּה תוֹלְד֧וֹת הַשָּׁמַ֛יִם וְהָאָ֖רֶץ בְּהִבָּֽרְאָ֑ם בְּי֗וֹם עֲשׂ֛וֹת יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶ֥רֶץ וְשָׁמָֽיִם׃

[Genesis 2:4: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.2.4/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:37` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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