---
title: Genesis 14:22 (JPS 1917) — And Abram said to the king of Sodom: 'I have lifted up my hand unto… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Abram said to the king of Sodom: 'I have lifted up my hand unto the LORD, God Most High, Maker of heaven and earth, Who acts: Abram, I. Genesis 14:22 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 14:22 · JPS 1917

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And Abram said to the king of Sodom: 'I have lifted up my hand unto the LORD, God Most High, Maker of heaven and earth,

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**Who acts:** Abram, I · **What happens:** say, lift up · **To what, where:** hand · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 14:22 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abram, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:374
# text = And Abram said to the king of Sodom: 'I have lifted up my hand unto the LORD, God Most High, Maker of heaven and earth,
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Abram	Abram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Sodom	Sodom	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	_
11	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	lifted	lift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	_
14	up	up	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	_
15	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	LORD	LORD	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	God	God	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	_
22	Most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	23	advmod	_	_
23	High	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	Maker	Maker	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	appos	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	conj	_	_
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: assert
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Abram |  |  |  |  | to the king of Sodom | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V PP.recipient that S»: agent=Pivot to king=Experiencer clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lift up** | present · perfect | I | my hand |  |  |  | unto the LORD | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אַבְרָ֖ם אֶל־מֶ֣לֶךְ סְדֹ֑ם הֲרִימֹ֨תִי יָדִ֤י אֶל־יְהוָה֙ אֵ֣ל עֶלְי֔וֹן קֹנֵ֖ה שָׁמַ֥יִם וָאָֽרֶץ׃

[Genesis 14:22: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.14.22/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:374` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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