---
title: Genesis 15:5 (JPS 1917) — And He brought him forth abroad, and said: 'Look now toward heaven,… · tree and pragmatics
description: And He brought him forth abroad, and said: 'Look now toward heaven, and count the stars, if thou be able to count them'; and He said unto him: 'So shall thy seed be.' Who acts: Abram, thou. Genesis 15:5 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 15:5 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And He brought him forth abroad, and said: 'Look now toward heaven, and count the stars, if thou be able to count them'; and He said unto him: 'So shall thy seed be.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Abram, thou · **What happens:** bring, say, look, count, be · **To what, where:** man, stars · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 15:5 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abram, thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:381
# text = And He brought him forth abroad, and said: 'Look now toward heaven, and count the stars, if thou be able to count them'; and He said unto him: 'So shall thy seed be.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
6	abroad	abroad	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	_
12	Look	look	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	now	now	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	toward	toward	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
23	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nsubj	_	_
24	be	be	AUX	VB	Mood=Sub|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
25	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	advcl	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	xcomp	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	_
29	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
30	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	33	obl	_	_
36	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
37	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	42	punct	_	_
38	So	so	ADV	RB	_	42	advmod	_	_
39	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
40	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	41	nmod:poss	_	_
41	seed	seed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nsubj	_	_
42	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	ccomp	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	_
44	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: other
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed form=other, act=narrate, voice=narrator

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | past | Abram |  | man |  |  | abroad, forth *property* | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Abram *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **look** | infinitive |  |  |  |  | now | toward heaven | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent toward heaven=Theme |
| 4 | **count** | infinitive |  | the stars |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent star=Theme |
| 5 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | infinitive | thou |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **count** | to-infinitive | thou *not said here* | stars *= star* |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Abram |  |  |  |  | unto man | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיּוֹצֵ֨א אֹת֜וֹ הַח֗וּצָה וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הַבֶּט־נָ֣א הַשָּׁמַ֗יְמָה וּסְפֹר֙ הַכּ֣וֹכָבִ֔ים אִם־תּוּכַ֖ל לִסְפֹּ֣ר אֹתָ֑ם וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֔וֹ כֹּ֥ה יִהְיֶ֖ה זַרְעֶֽךָ׃

[Genesis 15:5: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.15.5/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:381` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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