--- title: Genesis 16:3 (JPS 1917) — And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar the Egyptian, her handmaid, after… · tree and pragmatics description: And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar the Egyptian, her handmaid, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to Abram her husband to be his wife. Who acts: wife, Abram. Genesis 16:3 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.400/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/16/) / [16:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.3/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 16:3 · JPS 1917 And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar the Egyptian, her handmaid, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to Abram her husband to be his wife. **Who acts:** wife, Abram · **What happens:** take, dwell, give, be · **To what, where:** Hagar, land, Abram, wife This is Genesis 16:3 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife, Abram), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:400 # text = And Sarai Abram's wife took Hagar the Egyptian, her handmaid, after Abram had dwelt ten years in the land of Canaan, and gave her to Abram her husband to be his wife. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 2 Sarai Sarai PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod:poss _ _ 3 Abram Abram PROPN NNP Number=Sing 2 flat _ _ 4 's 's PART POS _ 3 case _ _ 5 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ _ 6 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 Hagar Hagar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 Egyptian Egyptian PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 appos _ _ 10 , , PUNCT , _ 12 punct _ _ 11 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 handmaid handmaid NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 appos _ _ 13 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 14 after after SCONJ IN _ 17 mark _ _ 15 Abram Abram PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ _ 16 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 17 dwelt dwell VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ _ 18 ten ten NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 19 nummod _ _ 19 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 17 obl:unmarked _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 land land NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 23 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Canaan Canaan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 22 nmod _ _ 25 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 26 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 27 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 28 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 iobj _ _ 29 to to ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 Abram Abram PROPN NNP Number=Sing 27 obl _ _ 31 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 32 nmod:poss _ _ 32 husband husband NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 appos _ _ 33 to to PART TO _ 36 mark _ _ 34 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 36 cop _ _ 35 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 36 nmod:poss _ _ 36 wife wife NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 xcomp _ _ 37 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - polarity: none - teacher: kept the draft | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **take** | past | Sarai's wife | | Hagar | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument hagar=Destination | | 2 | **dwell** | past · perfect | Abram | | | the land of Canaan | year | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in land=Location | | 3 | **give** | past | Sarai's wife *not said here* | | Abram | | | to Abram | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Theme to abram=Recipient | | 4 | **is a** | to-infinitive | Sarai's wife *not said here* | Sarai's wife | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתִּקַּ֞ח שָׂרַ֣י אֵֽשֶׁת־אַבְרָ֗ם אֶת־הָגָ֤ר הַמִּצְרִית֙ שִׁפְחָתָ֔הּ מִקֵּץ֙ עֶ֣שֶׂר שָׁנִ֔ים לְשֶׁ֥בֶת אַבְרָ֖ם בְּאֶ֣רֶץ כְּנָ֑עַן וַתִּתֵּ֥ן אֹתָ֛הּ לְאַבְרָ֥ם אִישָׁ֖הּ ל֥וֹ לְאִשָּֽׁה׃ [Genesis 16:3: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.3/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:400` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 16:2 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.399/) - next →: [Genesis 16:4 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.401/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 16:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.3/)