---
title: Genesis 16:12 (JPS 1917) — And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every… · tree and pragmatics
description: And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the face of all his brethren.' Who acts: LORD, hand. Genesis 16:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 16:12 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the face of all his brethren.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** LORD, hand · **What happens:** be, dwell · **To what, where:** wild ass, face

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Genesis 16:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (LORD, hand), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:409
# text = And he shall be a wild ass of a man: his hand shall be against every man, and every man's hand against him; and he shall dwell in the face of all his brethren.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	ass	ass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
14	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	cop	_	_
16	against	against	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	18	det	_	_
18	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	parataxis	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	22	det	_	_
22	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	's	's	PART	POS	_	22	case	_	_
24	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	_
25	against	against	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nmod	_	_
27	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
30	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	31	aux	_	_
31	dwell	dwell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
36	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	38	det:predet	_	_
37	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	brethren	brethren	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
39	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
40	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | shall | LORD | a wild ass |  |  |  | of a man | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | shall | LORD's hand |  |  |  |  | against every man and every man's hand against LORD | tree rules |
| 3 | **dwell** | shall | LORD |  |  | the face of LORD's brethren |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in face=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וְה֤וּא יִהְיֶה֙ פֶּ֣רֶא אָדָ֔ם יָד֣וֹ בַכֹּ֔ל וְיַ֥ד כֹּ֖ל בּ֑וֹ וְעַל־פְּנֵ֥י כָל־אֶחָ֖יו יִשְׁכֹּֽן׃

[Genesis 16:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.12/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:409` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 16:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.408/)
- next →: [Genesis 16:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.410/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 16:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.12/)