---
title: Genesis 16:15 (JPS 1917) — And Hagar bore Abram a son; and Abram called the name of his son, wh… · tree and pragmatics
description: And Hagar bore Abram a son; and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael. Who acts: Hagar, Abram. Genesis 16:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 16:15 · JPS 1917

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And Hagar bore Abram a son; and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael.

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**Who acts:** Hagar, Abram · **What happens:** bear, call, name · **To what, where:** son, Abram, name · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is Genesis 16:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hagar, Abram), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:412
# text = And Hagar bore Abram a son; and Abram called the name of his son, whom Hagar bore, Ishmael.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	Hagar	Hagar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Abram	Abram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	Abram	Abram	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	called	call	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
18	Hagar	Hagar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	bore	bear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	Ishmael	Ishmael	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	_
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | past | Hagar | a son | Abram |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Agent abram=Beneficiary son=Patient |
| 2 | **call** | past | Abram | the name of LORD's son |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent name=Recipient |
| 3 | **bear** | past | Hagar | LORD's son |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whom=Patient |
| 4 | **name** |  |  | LORD's son |  |  |  |  | nom name «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַתֵּ֧לֶד הָגָ֛ר לְאַבְרָ֖ם בֵּ֑ן וַיִּקְרָ֨א אַבְרָ֧ם שֶׁם־בְּנ֛וֹ אֲשֶׁר־יָלְדָ֥ה הָגָ֖ר יִשְׁמָעֵֽאל׃

[Genesis 16:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.16.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:412` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 16:14 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.411/)
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