---
title: Genesis 18:10 (JPS 1917) — And He said: 'I will certainly return unto thee when the season come… · tree and pragmatics
description: And He said: 'I will certainly return unto thee when the season cometh round; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son.' And Sarah heard in the tent door, which was behind him. — Who acts: Abraham, I, season, Sarah. Genesis 18:10 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.450/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/) / [18:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.10/) / JPS 1

# Genesis 18:10 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And He said: 'I will certainly return unto thee when the season cometh round; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son.' And Sarah heard in the tent door, which was behind him. —

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Abraham, I, season, Sarah, tent door · **What happens:** say, return, come round, have, hear, be · **To what, where:** son, tent door · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Genesis 18:10 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abraham, I, season, Sarah), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:450
# text = And He said: 'I will certainly return unto thee when the season cometh round; and, lo, Sarah thy wife shall have a son.' And Sarah heard in the tent door, which was behind him. —
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
5	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	return	return	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
10	unto	unto	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	9	obl	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	15	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	season	season	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
15	cometh	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Style=Arch|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	advcl	_	_
16	round	round	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	26	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
20	lo	lo	INTJ	UH	_	26	discourse	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
23	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	_
25	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
30	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
31	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj	_	_
33	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
39	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	42	nsubj	_	_
40	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	cop	_	_
41	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
42	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	37	acl:relcl	_	_
43	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	33	punct	_	_
44	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: statement
- act: promise
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: kept the draft

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Abraham |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **return** | future | I |  |  |  |  | unto thee; certainly *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come round** | present | the season |  |  |  |  | round *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **have** | shall | Sarah | a son |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent son=Patient |
| 5 | **hear** | past | Sarah |  |  | the tent door |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **is** | past | the tent door |  |  |  |  | behind Abraham | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וַיֹּ֗אמֶר שׁ֣וֹב אָשׁ֤וּב אֵלֶ֙יךָ֙ כָּעֵ֣ת חַיָּ֔ה וְהִנֵּה־בֵ֖ן לְשָׂרָ֣ה אִשְׁתֶּ֑ךָ וְשָׂרָ֥ה שֹׁמַ֛עַת פֶּ֥תַח הָאֹ֖הֶל וְה֥וּא אַחֲרָֽיו׃

[Genesis 18:10: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.10/)

<!-- div src -->

**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:450` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Genesis 18:9 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.449/)
- next →: [Genesis 18:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.451/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 18:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.10/)