---
title: Genesis 18:11 (JPS 1917) — Now Abraham and Sarah were old, and well stricken in age; it had cea… · tree and pragmatics
description: Now Abraham and Sarah were old, and well stricken in age; it had ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women. — Who acts: Abraham, age. Genesis 18:11 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 18:11 · JPS 1917

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Now Abraham and Sarah were old, and well stricken in age; it had ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women. —

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**Who acts:** Abraham, age · **What happens:** be, cease · **To what, where:** age

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This is Genesis 18:11 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Abraham, age), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:451
# text = Now Abraham and Sarah were old, and well stricken in age; it had ceased to be with Sarah after the manner of women. —
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
2	Abraham	Abraham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	10	advmod	_	_
10	stricken	stricken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
15	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
16	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	Sarah	Sarah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
21	after	after	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	nmod	_	_
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
27	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: statement
- act: narrate
- voice: narrator
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=narrate

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Abraham |  |  |  | now | old *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Abraham *not said here* |  |  |  | in age | well *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cease** | past · perfect | age |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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וְאַבְרָהָ֤ם וְשָׂרָה֙ זְקֵנִ֔ים בָּאִ֖ים בַּיָּמִ֑ים חָדַל֙ לִהְי֣וֹת לְשָׂרָ֔ה אֹ֖רַח כַּנָּשִֽׁים׃

[Genesis 18:11: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.11/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:451` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 18:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.450/)
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