--- title: Genesis 18:12 (JPS 1917) — And Sarah laughed within herself, saying: 'After I am waxed old shal… · tree and pragmatics description: And Sarah laughed within herself, saying: 'After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?' Who acts: Sarah, I, lord. Genesis 18:12 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.452/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/18/) / [18:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.12/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 18:12 · JPS 1917 And Sarah laughed within herself, saying: 'After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?' **Who acts:** Sarah, I, lord · **What happens:** laugh, say, wax, have, be · **To what, where:** I, pleasure · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Genesis 18:12 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sarah, I, lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:452 # text = And Sarah laughed within herself, saying: 'After I am waxed old shall I have pleasure, my lord being old also?' 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 Sarah Sarah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 nsubj _ _ 3 laughed laugh VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 within within ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 herself herself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 3 obl _ _ 6 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 7 saying say VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 3 advcl _ _ 8 : : PUNCT : _ 17 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 10 After after SCONJ IN _ 13 mark _ _ 11 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj:pass _ _ 12 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 13 aux:pass _ _ 13 waxed wax VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 advcl _ _ 14 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 xcomp _ _ 15 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 17 aux _ _ 16 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ _ 17 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 7 ccomp _ _ 18 pleasure pleasure NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obj _ _ 19 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 20 my my PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 lord lord NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ _ 22 being be AUX VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 cop _ _ 23 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 parataxis _ _ 24 also also ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 25 ? ? PUNCT . _ 17 punct _ _ 26 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: yes/no question - act: express - voice: character - polarity: none - indirect: yes - teacher: changed act=express, indirect=1 | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **laugh** | past | Sarah | | | | | within Sarah | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | Sarah *not said here* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **wax** | present · passive | | I | | | | old *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **have** | shall | I | pleasure | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pleasure=Patient | | 5 | **is** | gerund | my lord | | | | | old *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַתִּצְחַ֥ק שָׂרָ֖ה בְּקִרְבָּ֣הּ לֵאמֹ֑ר אַחֲרֵ֤י בְלֹתִי֙ הָֽיְתָה־לִּ֣י עֶדְנָ֔ה וַֽאדֹנִ֖י זָקֵֽן׃ [Genesis 18:12: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.12/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:452` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 18:11 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.451/) - next →: [Genesis 18:13 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.453/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 18:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.12/)