---
title: Genesis 18:24 (JPS 1917) — Peradventure there are fifty righteous within the city; wilt Thou in… · tree and pragmatics
description: Peradventure there are fifty righteous within the city; wilt Thou indeed sweep away and not forgive the place for the fifty righteous that are therein? Who acts: fifty righteous, Thou. Genesis 18:24 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Genesis 18:24 · JPS 1917

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Peradventure there are fifty righteous within the city; wilt Thou indeed sweep away and not forgive the place for the fifty righteous that are therein?

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**Who acts:** fifty righteous, Thou · **What happens:** be, sweep away, not forgive · **To what, where:** place

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This is Genesis 18:24 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fifty righteous, Thou), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:466
# text = Peradventure there are fifty righteous within the city; wilt Thou indeed sweep away and not forgive the place for the fifty righteous that are therein?
1	Peradventure	peradventure	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	3	expl	_	_
3	are	be	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	righteous	righteous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nsubj	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
10	wilt	will	AUX	MD	Style=Arch|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
11	Thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	13	nsubj	_	_
12	indeed	indeed	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	sweep	sweep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
14	away	away	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
17	forgive	forgive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	conj	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	fifty	fifty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	23	nummod	_	_
23	righteous	righteous	ADJ	NN	Degree=Pos	19	nmod	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
25	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	cop	_	_
26	therein	therein	ADV	RB	_	23	acl:relcl	_	_
27	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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- form: yes/no question
- act: ask
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=ask, form=q, voice=character

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | fifty righteous within the city |  |  | there |  | peradventure *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **sweep away** | future | Thou |  |  |  |  | away, indeed *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **forgive** | infinitive | Thou *not said here* | the place |  |  |  | for the fifty righteous | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent place=Theme for righteous=Attribute |
| 4 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | therein *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

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אוּלַ֥י יֵ֛שׁ חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים צַדִּיקִ֖ם בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעִ֑יר הַאַ֤ף תִּסְפֶּה֙ וְלֹא־תִשָּׂ֣א לַמָּק֔וֹם לְמַ֛עַן חֲמִשִּׁ֥ים הַצַּדִּיקִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃

[Genesis 18:24: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.24/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:466` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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- ← previous: [Genesis 18:23 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.465/)
- next →: [Genesis 18:25 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.467/)
- ↑ back to [Genesis 18:24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.18.24/)