--- title: Genesis 19:9 (JPS 1917) — And they said: 'Stand back.' And they said: 'This one fellow came in… · tree and pragmatics description: And they said: 'Stand back.' And they said: 'This one fellow came in to sojourn, and he will needs play the judge; now will we deal worse with thee, than with them.' And they pressed sore upon the man, even Lot, and drew near to break the door. Who acts: men, one fellow, fellow, we. Genesis 19:9 in --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.487/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Torah](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/) / [Genesis](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN/19/) / [19:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.9/) / JPS 1 # Genesis 19:9 · JPS 1917 And they said: 'Stand back.' And they said: 'This one fellow came in to sojourn, and he will needs play the judge; now will we deal worse with thee, than with them.' And they pressed sore upon the man, even Lot, and drew near to break the door. **Who acts:** men, one fellow, fellow, we · **What happens:** say, stand back, come in, sojourn, play, deal · **To what, where:** judge, door · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is Genesis 19:9 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (men, one fellow, fellow, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = jps:GEN:487 # text = And they said: 'Stand back.' And they said: 'This one fellow came in to sojourn, and he will needs play the judge; now will we deal worse with thee, than with them.' And they pressed sore upon the man, even Lot, and drew near to break the door. 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 2 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 : : PUNCT : _ 6 punct _ _ 5 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 6 punct _ _ 6 Stand stand VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 back back ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 8 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ 9 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 6 punct _ _ 10 And and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 13 : : PUNCT : _ 18 punct _ _ 14 ' ' PUNCT `` _ 18 punct _ _ 15 This this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 det _ _ 16 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 17 nummod _ _ 17 fellow fellow NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ _ 18 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 ccomp _ _ 19 in in ADP RP _ 18 compound:prt _ _ 20 to to PART TO _ 21 mark _ _ 21 sojourn sojourn VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 advcl _ _ 22 , , PUNCT , _ 27 punct _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 27 cc _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 25 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 27 aux _ _ 26 needs needs ADV RB _ 27 advmod _ _ 27 play play VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 conj _ _ 28 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 29 judge judge NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 30 ; ; PUNCT : _ 34 punct _ _ 31 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 34 advmod _ _ 32 will will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 33 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 34 deal deal VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 18 parataxis _ _ 35 worse bad ADV RBR Degree=Cmp 34 advmod _ _ 36 with with ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 37 thee thou PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ _ 38 , , PUNCT , _ 41 punct _ _ 39 than than ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 with with ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ _ 42 . . PUNCT . _ 18 punct _ _ 43 ' ' PUNCT '' _ 18 punct _ _ 44 And and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 45 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 nsubj _ _ 46 pressed press VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 conj _ _ 47 sore sore ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 48 upon upon ADP IN _ 50 case _ _ 49 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 50 det _ _ 50 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ _ 51 , , PUNCT , _ 53 punct _ _ 52 even even ADV RB _ 53 advmod _ _ 53 Lot Lot PROPN NNP Number=Sing 50 appos _ _ 54 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ _ 55 and and CCONJ CC _ 56 cc _ _ 56 drew draw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 46 conj _ _ 57 near near ADV RB _ 56 advmod _ _ 58 to to PART TO _ 59 mark _ _ 59 break break VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 56 advcl _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 59 obj _ _ 62 . . PUNCT . _ 46 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - polarity: neg - teacher: changed polarity=neg | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | men *= man* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **stand back** | infinitive | | | | | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | men *= man* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 4 | **come in** | past | this one fellow | | | | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **sojourn** | to-infinitive | this one fellow *not said here* | | | | | | vn weekend-56 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **play** | future | fellow | the judge | | | | needs *property* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent judge=Theme | | 7 | **deal** | future | we | | | | now | with thee; bad *property* | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with thou=Theme | | 8 | **press** | past | men *= man* | | | | | upon the man; sore *property* | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 9 | **draw** | past | men *= man* *not said here* | | | | | near *property* | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **break** | to-infinitive | men *= man* *not said here* | the door | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer door=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew} וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ ׀ גֶּשׁ־הָ֗לְאָה וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ הָאֶחָ֤ד בָּֽא־לָגוּר֙ וַיִּשְׁפֹּ֣ט שָׁפ֔וֹט עַתָּ֕ה נָרַ֥ע לְךָ֖ מֵהֶ֑ם וַיִּפְצְר֨וּ בָאִ֤ישׁ בְּלוֹט֙ מְאֹ֔ד וַֽיִּגְּשׁ֖וּ לִשְׁבֹּ֥ר הַדָּֽלֶת׃ [Genesis 19:9: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.9/) **Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:487` of Mova's parse database. **The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter. - ← previous: [Genesis 19:8 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.486/) - next →: [Genesis 19:10 (JPS)](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/jps/GEN.488/) - ↑ back to [Genesis 19:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.9/)