---
title: Genesis 19:15 (JPS 1917) — And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying: 'A… · tree and pragmatics
description: And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying: 'Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters that are here; lest thou be swept away in the iniquity of the city.' Who acts: morning, angels, two daughters. Genesis 19:15 in JPS 1917 with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Genesis 19:15 · JPS 1917

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying: 'Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters that are here; lest thou be swept away in the iniquity of the city.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** morning, angels, two daughters · **What happens:** arise, hasten, say, take, be, sweep away · **To what, where:** Lot, wife, thou, iniquity · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is Genesis 19:15 · JPS 1917 in the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, from Mova's open Bible corpus. The page gives the sentence's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, parsed by Mova and checked by a teacher model — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (morning, angels, two daughters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it. The original of the verse links back to its own tree and to the Targum.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = jps:GEN:493
# text = And when the morning arose, then the angels hastened Lot, saying: 'Arise, take thy wife, and thy two daughters that are here; lest thou be swept away in the iniquity of the city.'
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
2	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	5	mark	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	advcl	_	_
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	10	advmod	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	angels	angel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	hastened	hasten	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Lot	Lot	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	saying	say	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
15	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	_
16	Arise	arise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	ccomp	_	_
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	conj	_	_
19	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	25	nmod:poss	_	_
24	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	25	nummod	_	_
25	daughters	daughter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	conj	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
27	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	33	punct	_	_
30	lest	lest	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
31	thou	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	33	nsubj:pass	_	_
32	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	swept	sweep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	advcl	_	_
34	away	away	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	in	in	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	iniquity	iniquity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
42	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- sa -->
- form: command
- act: request
- voice: character
- polarity: none
- teacher: changed act=request, polarity=none

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | past | the morning |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **hasten** | past | the angels | Lot |  |  | then |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent lot=Patient |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | gerund | the angels *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **arise** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **take** | infinitive |  |  | thy wife |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument wife=Destination |
| 6 | **is** | present | thy two daughters |  |  |  |  | here *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **sweep away** | infinitive · passive |  | thou |  | the iniquity of the city |  | away *property* | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme in iniquity=Trajectory |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The Hebrew of this verse {#hebrew}

<!-- .vhe dir=rtl lang=hbo -->
וּכְמוֹ֙ הַשַּׁ֣חַר עָלָ֔ה וַיָּאִ֥יצוּ הַמַּלְאָכִ֖ים בְּל֣וֹט לֵאמֹ֑ר קוּם֩ קַ֨ח אֶֽת־אִשְׁתְּךָ֜ וְאֶת־שְׁתֵּ֤י בְנֹתֶ֙יךָ֙ הַנִּמְצָאֹ֔ת פֶּן־תִּסָּפֶ֖ה בַּעֲוֺ֥ן הָעִֽיר׃

[Genesis 19:15: the Hebrew tree, its pragmatics and Targum Onkelos →](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/torah/GEN.19.15/)

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**Source.** The Holy Scriptures according to the Masoretic Text, Jewish Publication Society, 1917, from eBible.org: public domain. Sentence `jps:GEN:493` of Mova's parse database.

**The tree and the speech act** come from Mova's cycle: the small model's draft, read by a large model as teacher, passed by Mova's gates (Elamur Cosmic License). **The frames** are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (`prag`) when this page is built, the chapter read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence of the chapter.

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